A nine-year-old infected with HIV at birth has spent most of their life without needing any treatment, say doctors in South Africa.
The child, whose identity is being protected, was given a burst of treatment shortly after birth.
They have since been off drugs for eight-and-a-half years without symptoms or signs of active virus.
The family is said to be “really delighted”.
Most people need treatment every day to prevent HIV destroying the immune system and causing Aids.
Understanding how the child is protected could lead to new drugs or a vaccine for stopping HIV.
The child caught the infection from their mother around the time of birth in 2007. They had very high levels of HIV in the blood.
Early antiretroviral therapy was not standard practice at the time, but was given to the child from nine weeks old as part of a clinical trial.
Levels of the virus became undetectable, treatment was stopped after 40 weeks and unlike anybody else on the study – the virus has not returned.
Early therapy which attacks the virus before it has a chance to fully establish itself has been implicated in child “cure” cases twice before.